Altered H19/miR‐675 expression in skeletal muscle is associated with low muscle mass in community‐dwelling older adults

Abstract Background Despite increasing knowledge of the pathogenesis muscle ageing, molecular mechanisms are poorly understood. Based on an expression analysis biopsies from older Caucasian men, we undertook in‐depth long non‐coding RNA, H19 , to identify that may contribute loss mass with age. Methods We carried out transcriptome vastus lateralis 40 healthy men aged 68–76 years Hertfordshire Sarcopenia Study (HSS) respect appendicular lean adjusted for height (ALMi). Validation and replication was using qRT‐PCR in 130 independent male female participants 73–83 recruited into extension HSS (HSSe). DNA methylation assessed pyrosequencing. Results Lower ALMi associated higher ( r 2 = 0.177, P < 0.001). The microRNAs, miR‐675‐5p/3p encoded by exon 1 were positively correlated (Pearson 0.192 0.182, respectively, 0.03), miR‐675‐5p negatively 0.629, 0.005). CpGs within imprinting control region (ICR) −0.211 −0.245, ≤ 0.05). Moreover, RNA protein levels SMAD1 5 targets miR‐675‐3p 0.792 0.760, respectively) 0.584 0.723, expression, greater type II fibre size 0.184 0.246, Conclusions Increased profiles H19/miR‐675‐5p/3p lower anabolic SMAD1/5 effectors bone morphogenetic (BMP) signalling low individuals.